What should be verified when changing any locomotive or caboose in a train?

When changing any locomotive or caboose in a train, it is essential to verify that the brakes apply and release on the rear car. This step is crucial because it ensures that the entire train is functioning correctly and that the air brake system is properly set up. Proper functioning of the brakes on the rear car indicates that the brake system is effectively communicating throughout the train and that all components are operational.

Confirming the operation of the rear car's brakes helps to prevent potential safety issues during operation, as any malfunction could lead to inadequate braking performance, increasing the risk of accidents. This verification is part of standard safety protocols to maintain efficient and safe train handling.

In contrast, while checking the train speed or ensuring the brake system is charged is important in various contexts, they do not directly confirm the operational integrity of the specific rear car's brakes, which is the primary focus during such a change. Similarly, train length regulations, while significant for legal compliance, do not directly relate to the immediate functionality of the brake systems during locomotive or caboose changes.