What is the result of the brake cylinder piston being forced out?

When the brake cylinder piston is forced out, it exerts a mechanical force that pushes the brake shoes against the wheels. This action is crucial for the braking process, as it creates the necessary friction between the brake shoes and the wheel surfaces, thereby slowing down or stopping the train. The design of the air brake system relies on this movement to convert air pressure from the brake system into a physical action that effectively applies the brakes. Thus, the correct understanding of this mechanism is fundamental for safe train operation and effective braking performance.